What is a Code Compliance Certificate?

If you’re building a new home or carrying out consented renovations, getting building consent is only part of the process. Once the work is complete, there’s another important step: obtaining a Code Compliance Certificate.

A Code Compliance Certificate, commonly known as a CCC, is a formal document issued by a Building Consent Authority (BCA) confirming that the building work carried out under a building consent complies with that consent.

For homeowners, a CCC is an important final step in completing a consented building project. It provides a record that the work has been completed and signed off through the building consent process.

Here’s what you need to know about CCCs, from how the process works to what happens if you’re buying a home where one is missing.

 

What does a Code Compliance Certificate mean?

It’s easy to confuse a building consent, the Building Code and a Code Compliance Certificate, but they play different roles.

A building consent is approval to carry out proposed building work in accordance with the plans and specifications submitted with your application.

The New Zealand Building Code sets the minimum performance standards that building work must meet.

A Code Compliance Certificate comes at the other end of the process. Under the Building Act 2004, it is a formal statement that the building work carried out under a building consent complies with that consent.

In simple terms, you can think of the process like this:

Building consent → Building work and inspections → Code Compliance Certificate

The CCC effectively closes the loop on the building consent process.

Importantly, a CCC shouldn’t be considered a guarantee that a home will never develop a defect or require maintenance. It confirms compliance with the building consent rather than providing a general warranty over every aspect of the property.

 

When do you need a Code Compliance Certificate?

A CCC relates to work carried out under a building consent.

That can include projects such as:

  • building a new home
  • adding a consented extension
  • making structural alterations
  • carrying out certain plumbing or drainage work
  • other renovations or alterations that require building consent.

Not all building work requires building consent. Some work is exempt under the Building Act, which means there may be no building consent or CCC associated with that work.

If you’re unsure whether planned work requires consent, check with your local council or seek professional advice before starting.

 

Who is responsible for getting the CCC?

Under the Building Act, the building owner must apply for a CCC once all the building work covered by the consent has been completed. The application should be made as soon as practicable after completion.

In practice, your builder, designer, project manager or another representative may help coordinate the application and supporting documentation, depending on how your project and building contract are structured.

It’s worth establishing who will manage this process before construction begins. More importantly, getting a CCC shouldn’t be something everyone starts thinking about when the building work is finished.

On a well-managed project, the process starts with understanding the building consent and continues throughout construction. Required inspections need to happen at the appropriate stages, changes need to be properly managed, and important documentation needs to be collected along the way.

Trying to resolve all of this retrospectively can make getting CCC considerably more complicated.

 

How do you get a Code Compliance Certificate?

While the exact requirements will depend on the project, the process will generally look something like this:

  1. Complete all building work covered by the building consent.
  2. Make sure all required inspections have been carried out.
  3. Address any outstanding items identified during inspections.
  4. Gather the certificates, Records of Building Work and other documentation required for your project.
  5. Apply to the relevant Building Consent Authority for a CCC.
  6. Provide any further information the BCA reasonably requests.
  7. The BCA assesses the application and decides whether to issue the CCC.

The application is generally made to the BCA that granted the original building consent.

The documentation required will depend on the work involved. For example, an application may need to include Records of Building Work from Licensed Building Practitioners where restricted building work has been carried out, along with applicable certificates for prescribed electrical or gas work.

Your building consent documentation should identify many of the inspections and records required for your particular project.

 

What does the council check before issuing a CCC?

The BCA needs to be satisfied on reasonable grounds that the completed building work complies with the building consent.

This isn’t necessarily a matter of simply completing one final inspection.

Depending on the project, the BCA may consider whether:

  • the required inspections were completed during construction
  • work was completed in accordance with the approved building consent
  • approved amendments or variations have been appropriately dealt with
  • outstanding inspection items have been resolved
  • required Records of Building Work have been provided
  • applicable producer statements and supporting documentation have been supplied
  • relevant electrical or gas certificates have been provided.

Every building project is different, so the exact requirements will depend on your building consent and the work completed.

This is one reason good project management matters. If an inspection is missed or important documentation can’t be found at the end of a project, establishing compliance can become much harder.

 

How long does a Code Compliance Certificate take?

Once an application has been made, the BCA generally has 20 working days to decide whether to issue the CCC.

However, that doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll receive your CCC exactly 20 working days after applying.

If the BCA reasonably requires further information, the statutory processing period can be suspended until that information is provided. The BCA and owner can also agree to a further period where required.

Missing paperwork, unresolved inspection issues or differences between the approved consent and completed work can therefore extend the overall process.

The best way to help avoid unnecessary delays is to keep the project documentation organised and address issues as they arise during construction rather than leaving them until the end.

 

What happens if a CCC is refused?

If the BCA isn’t satisfied on reasonable grounds that the building work complies with the building consent, it may refuse to issue a CCC.

That doesn’t necessarily mean the entire building is defective.

There could be outstanding information or documentation, incomplete work, an unresolved inspection issue, or differences between what was approved and what was actually built.

If your CCC is refused, start by finding out exactly why.

Depending on the issue, you may need to:

  • provide additional documentation
  • complete outstanding work
  • remedy non-compliant work
  • resolve changes that differ from the approved building consent
  • involve your builder, designer, engineer or other relevant professional.

The important thing is to deal with the specific reasons given by the BCA rather than guessing at what might be required.

 

Can you live in a house without a CCC?

For a typical private home, the absence of a CCC doesn’t necessarily provide a simple yes or no answer to whether you can live there.

Whether a home can or should be occupied before a CCC is issued will depend on the circumstances. There may also be contractual, insurance, lending or regulatory considerations to work through.

However, a missing CCC can have wider implications, including contractual requirements and questions from insurers, lenders or future buyers.

Different rules can also apply to premises intended for public use.

If you’re considering moving into a newly built or substantially renovated home before CCC has been issued, talk to your builder and BCA and check any relevant requirements with your insurer and lender.

 

Can you sell a house without a CCC?

A property can have building work for which a CCC hasn’t been issued, but that missing CCC may become an important issue during a sale.

A prospective buyer or their lawyer may identify the outstanding consent when reviewing the property’s LIM or council records. A building inspector may also identify work that warrants further investigation.

That can lead to questions such as:

  • What work was covered by the consent?
  • Why wasn’t a CCC issued?
  • Were all the required inspections completed?
  • Does the completed building match the consented plans?
  • Is any work outstanding?
  • Can the consent still be resolved?
  • Will the buyer’s bank and insurer accept the property?

Depending on the answers, a buyer may seek further professional advice, make their offer conditional on the issue being resolved, renegotiate their offer or decide not to proceed.

If you know your property has an outstanding building consent, it’s usually better to investigate it before putting the property on the market rather than waiting for a prospective buyer to discover it.

 

Buying a house without a CCC: what should you check?

Finding out that a home doesn’t have a CCC doesn’t automatically tell you whether the property is a good or bad purchase.

What matters is understanding what work was carried out, what approvals it had and why the CCC is missing.

Before committing to a property, consider:

  • identifying exactly which building work doesn’t have a CCC
  • establishing when the work was carried out
  • checking the original building consent and council property records
  • comparing the approved plans with the building as it stands today
  • finding out which inspections were completed
  • determining whether there are outstanding council requirements
  • obtaining advice from an experienced building professional
  • discussing the issue with your lawyer
  • checking the potential implications with your lender and insurer.

Don’t assume an outstanding consent will be straightforward to resolve after you’ve bought the property.

The older the work is, the more difficult it can sometimes be to establish what happened during construction, particularly if records are incomplete or parts of the building are no longer accessible for inspection.

 

What if an older house doesn’t have a CCC?

Older properties can be more complicated.

You might discover a building consent from many years ago where no CCC was ever issued. Alternatively, you might discover alterations for which there appears to be no building consent at all.

These are two different situations and shouldn’t be treated as the same problem.

If a building consent exists but no CCC was issued, start by talking to the council about the status of that consent and what information it holds.

The age of the work, inspection records, documentation available and ability to establish compliance can all affect what happens next.

If work was carried out without a required building consent, a Certificate of Acceptance may be relevant in some circumstances.

 

What’s the difference between a CCC and a Certificate of Acceptance?

A Certificate of Acceptance (COA) and Code Compliance Certificate serve different purposes.

A CCC relates to work that was carried out under a building consent. It confirms that the BCA is satisfied on reasonable grounds that the building work complies with that consent.

A Certificate of Acceptance can be available in certain circumstances for building work carried out without the required consent, generally where the work was completed after 1 July 1992. There are also some specific circumstances where a COA can apply when a CCC cannot be issued.

A COA is not simply a substitute you can apply for whenever an old building consent doesn’t have a CCC.

When assessing an application for a COA, the council can only certify the parts of the work it can reasonably inspect and establish compliance for. That can be particularly important when completed work is concealed behind walls, floors or other building elements.

If you’re dealing with unconsented work or an older unresolved consent, speak to your council and obtain appropriate professional advice about the options available.

 

Does a CCC mean your home has no defects?

No. This is an important distinction for homeowners.

A CCC confirms that the BCA is satisfied on reasonable grounds that the building work complies with the building consent. It isn’t a guarantee that nothing will ever go wrong with the home, nor does it replace good workmanship, appropriate maintenance or any warranties that apply to the work.

That distinction is particularly useful when buying an existing property. Seeing a CCC on the council file is important, but it doesn’t remove the value of carrying out appropriate due diligence before purchasing.

 

How a good builder can help you get to CCC

Getting CCC is the end of a process that begins well before the final inspection.

An experienced professional builder understands that the work needs to stay aligned with the approved consent throughout the build. They can also help coordinate inspections at the correct stages, keep relevant construction records organised and identify changes that need to be dealt with before they create problems at completion.

For homeowners, there are a few simple things worth discussing with your builder:

  • Who is booking the required inspections?
  • Who is keeping track of inspection outcomes and outstanding items?
  • How will changes from the approved plans be managed?
  • Who is collecting the documentation required for CCC?
  • Who will coordinate the CCC application when construction is complete?

These might not be the most exciting questions you’ll ask during a building project, but getting them sorted early can make the completion and handover process much smoother.

Frequently asked questions about Code Compliance Certificates

 

Is a CCC the same as a building consent?

No. A building consent is obtained before building work starts and approves the proposed work. A CCC is issued after the work is completed, once the BCA is satisfied that the work complies with the building consent.

 

Who issues a Code Compliance Certificate?

A CCC can only be issued by a Building Consent Authority. Usually, this will be the BCA that issued the original building consent.

 

Who applies for the CCC?

The building owner has the legal responsibility to apply once all work under the building consent is complete. Depending on your project arrangements, your builder or another representative may help manage the application on your behalf.

 

How do I know whether my house has a CCC?

Start by checking the records held by your local council. A property’s LIM or council property file may contain information about building consents and CCCs associated with the property.

 

Can a CCC expire?

A CCC is a record relating to the building work carried out under a particular building consent. It isn’t something homeowners periodically renew in the way they might renew a licence or certificate for another purpose.

 

Can I get a CCC for old building work?

Potentially, but it depends on the circumstances. If an old building consent remains without a CCC, talk to the BCA that issued the consent about what would be required for it to assess the work. Age, available records, inspections and the ability to establish compliance may all be relevant.

 

Is a Certificate of Acceptance the same as a CCC?

No. A Certificate of Acceptance is used in specific circumstances, commonly for work that was carried out without a required building consent. It isn’t a general replacement for a missing CCC.

 

Getting it right from the start

A Code Compliance Certificate might be the document you receive at the end of a consented building project, but achieving it successfully depends on what happens throughout the build.

Good planning, following the approved consent, completing inspections at the right stages and keeping accurate documentation can all make a significant difference.

If you’re planning a new home or renovation, working with an experienced, qualified builder gives you someone who understands the building process and can help you navigate it from the first plans through to completion.

NZCB Approved Builders meet strict entry criteria and have access to industry support and resources designed to help them deliver quality building work.

Find an NZCB Approved Builder in your area and start your project with confidence.

 

Further information

For official information about Code Compliance Certificates, building consents and Certificates of Acceptance, visit Building Performance, the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment’s building system information resource, or speak to your local Building Consent Authority.

Disclaimer: This article provides general information for New Zealand homeowners and isn’t legal, financial or building consent advice. Requirements can vary depending on the property, building work and Building Consent Authority. Seek appropriate professional advice for your circumstances.

 

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